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Abstrak
Teknik analisis jalur, dalam tulisan ini selanjutnya disebut PA (path analysis), dikembangkan pertama sekali oleh seorang akhli genitika Sewall Wright, kira-kira 80 tahun lalu (Land, 1969). PA oleh Bohrnstedt, sebagaimana dikutip Suwarno & Rahardjo (1988: 143) telah diberi batasan sebagai “a technique for estimating the effect’s a set of independent variables has on a dependent variable from a set of observed correlations, given a set of hypothesized causal asymetric relation among the variables.” Sewall Wright, sebagaimana dikutip Land (1969: 5) menjelaskan tujuan utama dari PA sebagai berikut:
“... a method of measuring the direct influence along each separate path in such a system and thus of finding the degree to which variation of a given effect is determined by each particular cause. The method depend on the combination of knowledge of the degree of correlation among the variables in a system with such knowledge as may possessed of the causal relations.”