Abstrak Learning reform has been proposed in Thailand as it is clearly specified in the basic curriculum that the learning and teaching EFL shall be based on communicative language teaching and content-based approaches. This paper reports the issues which face EFL teachers and a trainer in attempting to introduce and implement CLT and CBI in small rural schools in which the teachers have only a basic level of fluency in English. Participant feedback during training is presented. The results of classroom observation are also reported. It is further suggested that there is a need for support both English language knowledge and pedagogical knowledge.